Health Law Advisor

Those in the tech world and in medicine alike see potential in the use of AI chatbots to support mental health—especially when human support is unavailable, or therapy is unwanted. Others, however, see the risks—especially when chatbots designed for entertainment purposes can disguise themselves as therapists.

So far, some lawmakers agree with the latter. In April, U.S. Senators Peter Welch (D-Vt.) and Alex Padilla (D-Calif.) sent letters to the CEOs of three leading artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot companies asking them to outline, in writing, the steps they are taking to ensure that the human interactions with these AI tools “are not compromising the mental health and safety of minors and their loved ones.”

The concern was real: in October 2024, a Florida parent filed a wrongful death lawsuit in federal district court, alleging that her son committed suicide with a family member’s gun after interacting with an AI chatbot that enabled users to interact with “conversational AI agents, or ‘characters.’” The boy’s mental health allegedly declined to the point where his primary relationships “were with the AI bots which Defendants worked hard to convince him were real people.”

In the absence of a comprehensive federal data privacy law, state legislators continue to add to the often-contradictory array of laws aimed at protecting the security and privacy of their residents’ data. Very recently, Washington State’s My Health My Data Act was signed into law by Governor Jay Inslee in late April, Florida lawmakers passed Senate Bill 262 in early May, and the Tennessee Information Protection Act was signed into law earlier this month as well. While preparing this update, Montana’s enacted its Consumer Data Privacy Act on May 19^th, which we will address in subsequent guidance due to its recency. These newly enacted state laws build upon the growing patchwork of laws enacted in California, Connecticut, Colorado, Virginia, and Utah, all of which we previously discussed here and here. Yet, among these state laws there is significant variety, including inconsistencies as to whether the laws allow for private rights of action, and whether the laws provide affirmative defenses and other incentives based on compliance with relevant best practices.

In the November 2018 mid-term elections, state ballot measures for the legalization of marijuana were approved in three states – Michigan, Missouri, and Utah – and rejected in one state – North Dakota.

Michigan

Michigan is now the 10^th state in the country to legalize the recreational use of marijuana under certain conditions. Michigan residents approved Proposal 1, allowing for recreational marijuana to be consumed, purchased, or cultivated by those 21 and over. The new law went into effect December 6, 2018, but the commercial system will not be running for another year. The ...

In the last couple of months, ballot initiatives have significantly affected health policy and the health industry as a whole. Constituents are becoming more involved in policy matters that have traditionally been left to elected officials in state legislatures. On January 25, 2018, Oregon held a special election for a ballot initiative that asked whether Oregonians would support funding the state Medicaid program by taxing health plans and hospitals. The ballot initiative passed with a margin of 62 percent of voters supporting the measure. The measure proposed a 1.5 percent ...